Five Voting Rights Activists Speak
Earline McQueen, Willie Mae Brown, Marvin Chambers, Al Whitesides, Ed Schell
by Cathy Holt
Earline McQueen has been a voting rights activist since 1940. That year, when she tried to register to vote, she and her husband were told to repeat the Constitution from memory. Naturally they hadn’t memorized it, so they returned home. But when they learned they could pass the test by reading the Constitution aloud, they went back and registered. Knowing that very few of her neighbors were registered, McQueen asked the registrar, “Would you go around with me to these people and register them to vote? And she said yes. So I took her house to house in Haw Creek, and got a lot of them registered, going door to door. We got a lot of them on the books that way.”
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Earline McQueen |
For
several years afterwards she drove her neighbors to the polls. “I’d do
anything I could to get people to register to vote, because it was
important to me to see my people have a voice. I was a precinct
chairperson for over twenty-five years. We went door to door and built
this precinct up until we had around two thousand people. We held
meetings at the Reid Center once a month, to keep them abreast of the
issues and the candidates.”
Now 94, she has
registered untold hundreds of people and informed them on the issues,
and she remains active today. “I still go to the precinct and vote
every election. Now I’m crippled up, so they come to the car and take
my vote because I can’t walk in there like I used to.
“The young
people just don’t see the importance of registering to vote. Some of
them do, because their parents vote. I get on the phone and encourage
them. I tell them, it’s important to be part of the system, to help
make our country better. Whatever party you belong to, do your best to
help. We need the youth so much – we older people are taking a back
seat now. People have to do much more than just vote now. We have to
pray, think right, and do right.”
Willie Mae Brown
says with finality, “Voting rights should be across the board, equal
for everybody.” She believes that not all the votes were counted in the
last two elections; there might have been discrimination based on race.
“But if more people would get out and take an interest in the voting
process, we would see a vast difference across the nation.
“We have to do
something to stimulate the interest of our young people,” Brown says.
“They don’t seem to take an interest, even though they’re the ones who
are going to be most affected in the long run. Perhaps it’s because
life has been easier for them, and they take many things for granted.
They need more awareness of the sacrifices that have been made for them
to have a voice. The curriculum in the schools used to include history,
civics; we read the Bill of Rights and the Declaration of Independence.
They’re not teaching these things now. Knowledge is power, and we need
to understand history so we don’t repeat it. People aren’t clear on the
necessity and value of going to the polls, and they can get complacent.”
Her message to youth: “Get involved. Speak out on the issues. Go the polls and vote.”
Marvin Chambers
helped found ASCORE, which worked to desegregate Asheville and register
young people in the 1960s. He registered at age 18 and became active in
Precinct 7. Later, in Greensboro for college, he stayed involved in
registration drives and Democratic Party politics. Chambers ran
unsuccessfully for City Council in 1975, and he’s now working for Heath
Shuler’s campaign for Congress.
“We took people
in and registered them to vote, and we gave folks rides to the polls.
Sometimes people say, ‘My vote won’t count.’ I always try to relate to
them how in other countries, people don’t have the same rights we do.”
“Voting is our
most precious right,” he continues. “If you don’t express your opinion
by voting, you have no voice. People of color have fought and died for
that right.”
His family was
from South Carolina. “The Klan was strong and rights for black folk
were very limited. There were many places you couldn’t go, things you
couldn’t do. If you were caught doing something you weren’t supposed
to, your life wasn’t worth a plugged nickel.” His parents impressed on
him the importance of voting, and he has passed those values on to his
own children. “My kids all vote, and even though they’re grown and
gone, they call me and let me know that they voted.”
Like Brown,
Chambers believes that many young people take voting for granted. “We
treat our rights frivolously. There’s more apathy now than ever before.
We need to re-energize everyone, especially African Americans, about
the right to vote.”
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Al Whitesides |
Al Whitesides,
now with Mountain First Bank, was also active in ASCORE in high school,
sitting in to desegregate the lunch counters. He notes that African
Americans, including his own grandparents, have voted in Asheville for
generations. One of the original school board members in 1887 was an
African American named Isaac Dickson, selected by party leaders to get
the African American vote.
“I have never
missed an election since I was 21,” said Whitesides. “When I think of
what others have died for, the least I can do is exercise my rights.
“When I was
starting college, at age 18, I met Martin Luther King Jr. Dr. King
stressed nonviolence, which was not easy back in those days – having
someone spit in your face, and not retaliating. It took a lot of
training and a lot of self-discipline. I became a better person out of
it. But one thing that era taught me was, I express my opinion. I don’t
hold back on that. I learned not to ever let anybody make me a
second-class citizen. I have no tolerance for that, whatsoever! We are
a melting pot for all people, and that’s a strength for us as a nation.
Let’s not lose that.”
Ed Schell’s
activist parents were involved in the NAACP and women’s rights in New
York, his hometown. His mother, chair of the largest precinct in the
city, instituted food and job programs. “My parents instilled a belief
that everyone must be treated the same, regardless of color,” says
Schell, who is white.
In his 32 years
in Asheville, he has served on boards of 11 community service
organizations, including 21 years on the Community Relations Council
board. Just as he brought more minority group members and women onto
all the boards he served, Schell has worked to bring African American
leadership into the five precincts with large numbers of minority
residents.
“The leadership
in the Claxton precinct did not include any blacks, while they were 40%
of the population! We got the old guard out and brought in five white
and five African American officers, in 1981 – same year as the Martin
Luther King breakfast began. The breakfast started the movement. We
worked with the NAACP and the precincts, getting the minorities onto
the Executive Committees of their precincts, into the power structure.”
A founding members of the breakfast, Schell remembers, “we knocked on
doors, sent mailers, held meetings, recruited candidates. “Candidates
now have to go to black communities like Shiloh, because people vote.”
He credits
leaders like Earline McQueen, Rose Walker, Gloria Free, Rosa Davis for
helping build the power structure and voter turnout. “We got fifteen to
twenty percent more African American voters out voting, voting as a
bloc,” says Schell. “Precincts 1, 2, 3, part of 7, 8 (Shiloh), 10
(South French Broad), 11 (Victoria Road), and 14 (Burton Street, West
Asheville). Those are all very strong black voting precincts. They’ve
proven themselves, as you saw with the election of Terry Bellamy
[Asheville’s first African American mayor]. It’s fantastic that we’ve
come this far.”
Schell’s message: “Talk to your neighbors! Vote – that’s your voice!”